The main indexes affecting the performance of insulating materials are as follows:

1. Insulation resistance and resistivity

Resistance is the reciprocal of conductance, and resistivity is the resistance per unit volume. The smaller the conductivity of the material, the greater its resistance. The relationship between the two is reciprocal. For insulating materials, the resistivity is always expected to be as high as possible.

2. Relative dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent

There are two uses of insulating materials: mutual insulation of various parts of the electrical network and dielectric (energy storage) of capacitors. The former requires a small relative dielectric constant, while the latter requires a large relative dielectric constant. Both require a small dielectric loss tangent, especially for insulating materials applied at high frequency and high voltage. In order to reduce the dielectric loss, both require the use of insulating materials with small dielectric loss tangent.

3. Breakdown voltage and electrical strength

Under a strong electric field, the insulation material is damaged and loses its insulating property and becomes conductive, which is called breakdown. The voltage at breakdown is called breakdown voltage (dielectric strength). The electrical strength is the quotient of the voltage when breakdown occurs under specified conditions and the distance between the two electrodes bearing the applied voltage, that is, the breakdown voltage per unit thickness. For insulating materials, the higher the breakdown voltage and electrical strength, the better.

4. Tensile strength

Is the maximum tensile stress that the specimen bears in the tensile test. It is the most widely used and representative test of mechanical properties of insulating materials.

5. Resistance to combustion

It refers to the ability of insulating materials to resist combustion when contacting the flame or to prevent continuous combustion when leaving the flame. With the increasing application of insulating materials, the requirements for their combustion resistance become more important. People have improved and enhanced the combustion resistance of insulating materials through various means. The higher the flame resistance, the better the safety.

6. Arc resistance

The ability of insulating material to withstand the action of arc along its surface under specified test conditions. During the test, AC high voltage and small current are used to judge the arc resistance of insulating materials by the time required for the high voltage to generate an electric arc between the two electrodes to form a conductive layer on the surface of insulating materials. The greater the time value, the better the arc resistance.

7. Tightness

The sealing and isolation of oil and water quality are good.

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